Tribhuvan University
Faculty of Management
Office of the Dean
Bachelor of Public Administration (BPA)
Course Objective
:The objective of basic mathematics is to provide students with the basic mathematical skills required to understand social activities and to enhance quantitative analysis in social science research.
Course Description
:This course consists of Set Theory, Real Number System, and Complex Number, Functions, Limits, and Continuity, Differentiation and Integration, Vectors, Matrix and Determinants, and Probability.
Course Contents:
Lecture hours show the approximate classroom time allocated to each unit.
Unit 1.Set Theory, Real Number System, and Complex Number:
- Concept and specification of sets
- Types of sets and their relations
- Laws of sets
- Type of real numbers: Natural numbers, Integers, Rational numbers Irrational numbers and Real numbers
- Properties: Addition, Multiplication, cancellation, distributive and order
- Concept of complex number
Unit 2.Functions, Limits, and Continuity:
- Constant and variable. Concept of functions. Types of functions. Graphic representation of algebraic, logarithmic and exponential functions. Computation of functional values
- Domain and range of a function
- Concept and theories of limit. Limit of function at a particular point and at infinity.
Unit 3.Differentiation and Integration:
- Concept of derivatives.(Principle of algebraic, logarithmic and exponential functions)
- Methods of differentiation
- Maxima and minima of a function of one variable
- Concept of integration
- Methods of integration(algebraic, logarithmic and exponential functions)
Unit 4.Vectors, Matrix and Determinants:
- Concept of vector and algebra
- Concept of matrix and algebra
- Concept of determinants and algebra
Unit 5.Probability:
- Concept of probability
- Factorial notation, permutation and combination
- Basic type of Probability (classical approach, relative frequency approach and subjective approach)
- some fundamental rules of probability (additional rule, multiplication rules, conditional probability)
Suggested Readings:
Taro Yamane,(2012) Mathematics for Economics. New Delhi, Prentice –Hall of India, Thomas and Finney, (2012) Calculus and Analytic Geometry, Addision nd Bajracharya B.C., (2069 B.S.) Basic Mathematics, M.K. Publishers, 2 DEdition Parajuli, K.K, (2010) Basic Mathematics, Sukunda Pustak Bhawan, fifth Edition Amatya, Sunil, et al(2066 B.S.) Basic Mathematics, Kathmandu, Talaju prakashan